Journal: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer

Article Title: In situ vaccination with cowpea mosaic virus elicits systemic antitumor immunity and potentiates immune checkpoint blockade

doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005834

Figure Lengend Snippet: In situ vaccination with CPMV generates systemic antitumor immunity in B16F10, MC38, CT26, but not in 4T1 (A) Schematic presentation of experimental setup. Two-tumor bearing mice of B16F10, MC38, CT26 had first tumor intradermal inoculated at day −7 and the distant tumor inoculated on day −4, then day −7 tumor treated with 2 weekly intratumoral injections of CPMV. (B–E) Growth curves for corresponding tumors. Two growth curves were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance, with p>0.05 as ns, p<0.05 as *, p<0.01 as **, and p<0.001 as ***. All experiments were repeated at least once with similar results and each with n=3–5 mice/group. CPMV, cowpea mosaic virus; I.D., intradermal; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline.

Article Snippet: The 4T1 breast cancer, MC38 colon adenocarcinoma, CT26 colorectal carcinoma, and B16-F10 (B16) melanoma cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: In Situ, Virus, Saline

Journal: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer

Article Title: In situ vaccination with cowpea mosaic virus elicits systemic antitumor immunity and potentiates immune checkpoint blockade

doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005834

Figure Lengend Snippet: In situ vaccination of CPMV with anti-CD40 generates better efficacy. (A) Schematic presentation of experimental setup. Two-tumor bearing mice of B16F10 or 4T1 had their first tumor treated with weekly intratumoral injection of CPMV and/or CD40 agonist antibody (aCD40). (B, C) Growth curves for corresponding tumors. Tumor growth curves were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance, with p>0.05 as ns, p<0.05 as *, p<0.01 as **, and p<0.001 as ***. All experiments are repeated at least once and each with n≥3 mice/group. aCD40, agonist anti-CD40; CPMV, cowpea mosaic virus; I.D., intradermal; PBS, phosphate buffered saline.

Article Snippet: The 4T1 breast cancer, MC38 colon adenocarcinoma, CT26 colorectal carcinoma, and B16-F10 (B16) melanoma cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: In Situ, Injection, Virus, Saline

Journal: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer

Article Title: In situ vaccination with cowpea mosaic virus elicits systemic antitumor immunity and potentiates immune checkpoint blockade

doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005834

Figure Lengend Snippet: In situ vaccination combinations synergize with anti-PD-1 and elicit potent systemic antitumor immunity. (A) Schematic presentation of experimental setup. Two-tumor bearing mice of B16F10 or 4T1 had treated tumor injected weekly with CPMV and/or anti-CD40 and/or concurrent intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-1. (B, C) Growth curves for corresponding tumors. Tumor growth curves were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance, with p>0.05 as ns, p<0.05 as *, p<0.01 as **, and p<0.001 as ***, p<0.0001 as ****. All experiments are repeated at least once and each with n≥3 mice/group. aCD40, anti-CD40; aPD-1, anti-PD-1; CPMV, cowpea mosaic virus; I.D., intradermal; i.p., intraperitoneal; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; PD-1, programmed death 1.

Article Snippet: The 4T1 breast cancer, MC38 colon adenocarcinoma, CT26 colorectal carcinoma, and B16-F10 (B16) melanoma cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: In Situ, Injection, Virus, Saline

Journal: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer

Article Title: In situ vaccination with cowpea mosaic virus elicits systemic antitumor immunity and potentiates immune checkpoint blockade

doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005834

Figure Lengend Snippet: Extended in situ vaccination treatments overcome acquired resistance and elicit tumor specific memory. (A) Schematic presentation of experimental setup. Two-tumor bearing mice of B16F10 or 4T1 had the single-treated tumor injected every 5 days with intratumoral injection of PBS or CPMV and anti-CD40 and concurrent intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-1 up to four times. (B) Tumor growth curves and survival curves for B16F10. (C) Tumor-free mice from (B) were rechallenged with B16F10 or MC 38 ninety days after first treatment in (B). (D) Tumor growth curves and survival curves for 4T1. Tumor growth curves were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance; Survival curves were compared using log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test, with p>0.05 as ns, p<0.05 as *, p<0.01 as **, and p<0.001 as ***. All experiments are repeated at least once and each with n≥3 mice/group. aCD40, anti-CD40; aPD-1, anti-PD-1; CPMV, cowpea mosaic virus; I.D., intradermal; i.p., intraperitoneally; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; PD-1, programmed death 1.

Article Snippet: The 4T1 breast cancer, MC38 colon adenocarcinoma, CT26 colorectal carcinoma, and B16-F10 (B16) melanoma cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: In Situ, Injection, Virus, Saline

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Breakthrough of Hypoxia Limitation by Tumor-Targeting Photothermal Therapy-Enhanced Radiation Therapy

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S450124

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multi-modality imaging by PIBD. ( A ) In vitro CT contrast images and CT values of PIBD at different concentrations; ( B ) In vitro PA contrast images and PA intensity of PIBD at different concentrations; ( C ) In vitro NIRF contrast images and NIRF intensity of PIBD at different concentrations; ( D ) In vivo PA images of tumors in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice after i.v. injection of PIBD at different time points; ( E ) Changes of PA-signal intensity within tumor regions at corresponding time points; ( F ) In vivo CT images of tumors in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice after i.v. injection of PIBD at different time points; ( G ) Changes of CT value within tumor regions at corresponding time points; ( H ) In vivo NIRF images of tumors in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice after i.v. injection of PIBD at different time points; ( I ) Changes of NIRF fluorescence intensity within tumor regions at corresponding time points; ( J ) In vivo NIRF images of tumor and organs in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice after i.v. injection of PIBD at 24h.

Article Snippet: 4T1 cells (Mouse breast cancer cells) was purchased from Wuhan Punosai Life Technology Co., LTD.

Techniques: Imaging, In Vitro, In Vivo, Injection, Fluorescence

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Breakthrough of Hypoxia Limitation by Tumor-Targeting Photothermal Therapy-Enhanced Radiation Therapy

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S450124

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro treatment. ( A ) Cell viability of 4T1 cells in different treatments by CCK8 assay; ( B ) Fluorescence intensity of DCFH-DA by different treatments; ( C ) Enhanced ROS production by PIBD in 4T1 cells. Confocal images (green fluorescence indicates positive staining for ROS stained with DCFH-DA) by different treatments (scale bar=100 μm); ( D ) DNA double strand breakage by PIBD in 4T1 cells. Confocal images (green fluorescence indicates positive staining for DNA double strand breakage stained with γ-H2AX) by different treatments (scale bar=10 μm). ( E ) Fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX by different treatments; ( F ) Apoptosis rate of 4T1 cells in different treatments; ( G ) Apoptosis of 4T1 cells in different treatments by flow cytometry. (**P<0.01, ***P<0.001).

Article Snippet: 4T1 cells (Mouse breast cancer cells) was purchased from Wuhan Punosai Life Technology Co., LTD.

Techniques: In Vitro, CCK-8 Assay, Fluorescence, Staining, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Advanced Biomedical Research

Article Title: Effect of Hydatid Cyst Fluid Antigens on Induction of Apoptosis on Breast Cancer Cells

doi: 10.4103/abr.abr_220_18

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of different antigens of hydatid cyst the 78 KD fraction (a), glycoprotein (b), crud hydatid cyst (c), glycolipid (d), antigen B (e), and control (f) on apoptosis and necrosis of 4T1 cells. The values of necrosis and apoptosis were shown in percentage (%)

Article Snippet: Breast cancer cell line (4T1) was obtained from the National Cell Bank of Iran (Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Advanced Biomedical Research

Article Title: Effect of Hydatid Cyst Fluid Antigens on Induction of Apoptosis on Breast Cancer Cells

doi: 10.4103/abr.abr_220_18

Figure Lengend Snippet: Flow cytometry analysis of effects of different antigens of hydatid cyst the 78 KD fraction (a), glycoprotein (b), crud hydatid cyst (c), glycolipid (d), antigen B (e), and control (f) on apoptosis and necrosis of 4T1 cells

Article Snippet: Breast cancer cell line (4T1) was obtained from the National Cell Bank of Iran (Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Combining photodynamic therapy and cascade chemotherapy for enhanced tumor cytotoxicity: the role of CTT 2 P@B nanoparticles

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1361966

Figure Lengend Snippet: ROS generation detection in vitro . (A) The release of singlet oxygen from each drug was detected in vitro under dark conditions. Data were presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). (B) Detection of singlet oxygen release of each drug under 660 nm laser irradiation at a power density of 280 mW cm -2 was performed in vitro . Data were presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). (C) ROS generation was observed in 4T1 cells treated with each medication while being exposed to laser irradiation at a wavelength of 660 nm and intensity of 280 mW cm −2 . Bright: Bright field. DCF: Green fluorescence represents intracellular ROS. Merge: Superimpose the image. Scale Bar = 100 μm.

Article Snippet: The murine breast cancer cells (4T1) were procured from Icell Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: In Vitro, Irradiation, Fluorescence

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Combining photodynamic therapy and cascade chemotherapy for enhanced tumor cytotoxicity: the role of CTT 2 P@B nanoparticles

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1361966

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of mitochondrial targeting function. (A) Confocal images of the mitochondrial sites of TPPOH 2 , CTT 2 , CTT 2 P, and CTT 2 P@B NPs in 4T1 cells. Mito-Tracker Green was used to stain the mitochondria in the green channel. The red channel was derived from the emission of the photosensitizer fraction (PS) itself. Merge stands for superimposed image. The Green and red curves in the Plot Profile represent the gray value of Mito-Tracker Green and PS, respectively. Scale bar = 20 μm. (B) Flow cytometry JC-1 method was used to analyze the mitochondrial function of cells treated with different drugs. Red fluorescence: normal mitochondria (J-aggregate); Green fluorescence: depolarized mitochondria (J-monomer).

Article Snippet: The murine breast cancer cells (4T1) were procured from Icell Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Staining, Derivative Assay, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Combining photodynamic therapy and cascade chemotherapy for enhanced tumor cytotoxicity: the role of CTT 2 P@B nanoparticles

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1361966

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of cell death in vitro through cytotoxicity assessment and examination of apoptosis and necrosis. (A) The in vitro cytotoxicity of 4T1 cells treated with CPT, TPPOH 2 , CTT 2 , CTT 2 P, and CTT 2 P@B NPs in the dark was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. Data were presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 5). ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001. (B) The in vitro cytotoxicity of 4T1 cells treated with TPPOH 2 , CTT 2 , CTT 2 P and CTT 2 P@B NPs under laser irradiation (660 nm, 280 mW cm −2 ) was determined using the CCK-8 assay. Data were presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 5). ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001. (C) Cell apoptosis and necrosis were analyzed using flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining following treatment with various drugs at a concentration of 5 μM.

Article Snippet: The murine breast cancer cells (4T1) were procured from Icell Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: In Vitro, CCK-8 Assay, Irradiation, Flow Cytometry, Double Staining, Concentration Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Combining photodynamic therapy and cascade chemotherapy for enhanced tumor cytotoxicity: the role of CTT 2 P@B nanoparticles

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1361966

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biodistribution in vivo . (A) Blood compatibility test of CPT, TPPOH 2 , CTT 2 , CTT 2 P, CTT 2 P@B NPs. Data were presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. (B) Time-lapse live fluorescence imaging of mice with 4T1 tumors following the administration of free CTT 2 P and CTT 2 P@B NPs via intravenous injection. (C) Fluorescent images of major organs and tumors were obtained 24 h after injection, using ex vivo methods. (D) The mean fluorescence intensity of each organ and tumor was used to determine the biodistribution of free CTT 2 P and CTT 2 P@B NPs in mice. Data were presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The murine breast cancer cells (4T1) were procured from Icell Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: In Vivo, Fluorescence, Imaging, Injection, Ex Vivo

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Combining photodynamic therapy and cascade chemotherapy for enhanced tumor cytotoxicity: the role of CTT 2 P@B nanoparticles

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1361966

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo anti-tumor study of each drug in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. (A) Tumor images of different drug administration treatments after the antitumor study. (B) During the administration, the growth of tumors in mice was observed in each group receiving treatment. Data were presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 5), ** p < 0.01. (C) The weight of mice in each treatment group was monitored throughout the administration period. Data were presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 5).

Article Snippet: The murine breast cancer cells (4T1) were procured from Icell Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: In Vivo

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Combining photodynamic therapy and cascade chemotherapy for enhanced tumor cytotoxicity: the role of CTT 2 P@B nanoparticles

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1361966

Figure Lengend Snippet: Investigation of the effects of each medication on mice with 4T1 tumors through pathological examination. (A) After administering various medications, the major organs (including the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) were subjected to H&E staining. Scale bar = 50 μm. (B) After administering various medications, tumors were subjected to H&E staining and TUNEL staining. Scale bar = 50 μm.

Article Snippet: The murine breast cancer cells (4T1) were procured from Icell Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Medications, Staining, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Increase in fatty acids and flotillins upon resveratrol treatment of human breast cancer cells

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50416-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of resveratrol on the cell viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. ( a ) 4T1, ( b ) MCF-7 and ( c ) MDA-MB-231 cells (2 × 10 5 ) were incubated in the presence of different concentrations (10 to 300 μM) of resveratrol, or 0.1% DMSO (control), for 24 h at 37 °C. They were then washed and maintained with MTT (0.5 mg/mL) for 3 h at 37 °C for formazan crystals formation and the associated optical density was analyzed at 570 and 650 nm. The results were expressed as mean ± SD, n = 3, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 significantly different (p < 0.05) from the values corresponding to the control, using One-way ANOVA, followed by multiple comparison test Dunnett.

Article Snippet: The human mammary gland/breast epithelial cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, and the mouse mammary gland/breast epithelial cell line 4T1 were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC® HTB-22TM, HTB-26TM and CLR-2539TM respectively).

Techniques: Incubation, Control, Comparison